If you're looking for a meeting place or a good stop around ½ or halfway between Philadelphia and Newport, RI, you can try Bridgeport, CT, which is about 2½ hours northeast of Philadelphia, or a little over 2 hours west of Newport, RI.
Another possible place to stop near the midpoint is Stamford.
About ¼ or a fourth of the way, you can stop at Newark, NJ. This is about 1½ hours northeast of Philadelphia.
About ⅓ or a third of the way, you can stop at New York, NY. This is about 1½ hours northeast of Philadelphia.
About ⅔ or two thirds of the way, you can stop at Hamden, CT. This is a little over 3 hours northeast of Philadelphia, or about 1½ hours west of Newport, RI.
About ¾ or three fourths of the way, you can stop at New London, CT. This is about 3½ hours northeast of Philadelphia, or about 1 hour west of Newport, RI.
If you drive straight through without stopping at all, the total distance is 276 miles. The distances shown above don't include local roads to get into each town, so if you're planning a long road trip, make sure you factor in traffic and road conditions, rest stop breaks, and interesting detours along the way. If you're in a rush, you can do the trip with zero stops, and your total travel time would be around 4 hours, 44 minutes.